Skin cancer is one of the most common cancers in Canada. Many prevention and treatment strategies continue to be studied, including the use of retinoids. Retinoids have a long history in dermatology and may play a role in managing certain sun-related skin conditions.
What Are Retinoids?
Retinoids are natural or synthetic derivatives of vitamin A. They interact with receptors in the skin and influence how skin cells grow and mature. Prescription forms include tretinoin and synthetic derivatives such as tazarotene.
Retinoids are traditionally used to improve visible signs of sun damage, including fine lines and uneven pigmentation. They are also widely used in the treatment of acne.
Retinoids and Sun-Damaged Skin
Retinoids have been studied for their potential role in managing sun-induced skin changes and pre-cancerous lesions such as actinic keratoses. Research has explored both oral and topical forms:
- Oral retinoids have been used in certain high-risk patients under medical supervision, but side effects may limit long-term use.
- Topical retinoids are often preferred because they act locally on the skin and may be better tolerated.
- Studies have reviewed how retinoids influence cell turnover, support repair of sun-damaged skin, and help manage specific pre-cancerous conditions.
While retinoids may be used as part of a broader treatment plan, they are not suitable for everyone and must be prescribed based on individual needs and risk factors.
Topical retinoids are commonly available as gels or creams. Both formats can be effective when used under a physician’s guidance. Retinoids should not be used during pregnancy.
Possible Side Effects
Reactions to prescription retinoids vary. Common effects may include:
- redness
- flaking or peeling
- dryness or sensitivity
These symptoms often appear within the first week of use and may lessen over time, although some individuals continue to experience sensitivity throughout treatment.
Are Retinoids Right for You?
Retinoids are one of several options that may be considered for people with sun-induced skin changes or certain pre-cancerous lesions. A qualified skin care physician can assess your skin, review your medical history and determine whether a topical or oral retinoid may be appropriate for your situation.
