Skin cancer can occur in people of every skin tone. While people of colour are diagnosed less often overall, studies have shown they are more likely to be diagnosed at a later stage. Later stage diagnosis can make treatment more complex and may contribute to differences in health outcomes.
Some research has found that a higher percentage of Black and Hispanic individuals are diagnosed with melanoma after the cancer has spread, compared with people who have lighter skin tones. Survival rates reported in certain studies also reflect this difference, highlighting the importance of awareness and early detection.
Why Are People of Colour Diagnosed Later?
Several factors may contribute to later diagnosis:
- Lower public awareness that skin cancer affects all skin tones
- Persistent myths, such as the belief that darker skin cannot burn
- Fewer medical images and training examples featuring darker skin
- Skin cancer in people of colour sometimes appearing in less sun exposed areas
- Less frequent routine skin checks
Monthly Skin Checks Matter for Everyone
Monthly self checks can help people notice new or changing spots earlier. For guidance on what happens during a professional skin exam, visit our skin screenings page.
Improving Early Detection
Increase Awareness
Anyone can develop skin cancer. Melanin provides some natural protection, but it does not prevent all forms of UV related skin damage.
Sunscreen Use
Some people with darker skin tones find that traditional sunscreens leave visible residue. Newer formulations containing micronized zinc oxide or titanium dioxide often blend more easily and may feel more comfortable. Sunscreen should be used as directed and combined with shade and protective clothing.
Pay Attention to Less Sun Exposed Areas
Certain skin cancers in people of colour may appear on areas with little sun exposure, such as:
- Palms and soles
- Under the nails
- Lower legs
- Genital area
- Buttocks
- Inside the mouth
- Scalp
Asking a hair stylist to mention any unusual scalp spots can also be helpful.
Signs to Bring to a Physician
Speak with a medical professional if you notice:
• A dark spot or patch that is changing, persistent, or bleeding
• A sore that does not heal
• A spot that appears in an area of previous injury or scarring
• A rough or scaly area that does not improve
• A dark line under or around a fingernail or toenail
Observed Patterns in Research
Studies have noted general trends, although patterns can vary among individuals:
- Squamous cell carcinoma has been reported more often on the legs, genital area, or buttocks in some Black and South Asian populations
- Basal cell carcinoma may occur more frequently on the head or neck in some Hispanic, Chinese, and Japanese individuals
- Melanoma in people of colour may appear on palms, soles, under the nails, or in the mouth
Family history also plays a role, and having a first degree relative with melanoma may increase personal risk.
Moving Forward
Skin cancer awareness is important for people of all skin tones. Greater representation in health education, combined with consistent skin checks, can help support earlier diagnosis and timely care.
If you have questions about monitoring your skin or would like support, you can contact us.
